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Journalism

Research of November 2021

Patricia Cruz

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Here is a list of all academic peer-reviewed articles, reports and other papers published in November 2021 about journalism research. The bolded titles have JRN articles written about the studies.

Published Title Author(s) Journal / publisher
2021-11-01 Is pro-Kremlin Disinformation Effective? Evidence from Ukraine Aaron Erlich, Calvin Garner
The International Journal of Press/Politics
2021-11-01 No Polarization From Partisan News: Over-Time Evidence From Trace Data Magdalena Wojcieszak, Sjifra de Leeuw, Ericka Menchen-Trevino, Seungsu Lee, Ke M. Huang-Isherwood, Brian Weeks
The International Journal of Press/Politics
2021-11-01 Media Systems and Attention Cycles: Volume and Topics of News Coverage on COVID-19 in the United States and China Christopher D. Wirz, Anqi Shao, Luye Bao, Emily L. Howell, Hannah Monroe, Kaiping Chen
Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly
2021-11-01 “Successful” identity transformation: the representation of Israeli post-Soviet immigrant women in La’isha Yulia Shevchenko & Einat Lachover Feminist Media Studies
2021-11-01 The Potential of Interactivity and Gamification Within Immersive Journalism & Interactive Documentary (I-Docs) to Explore Climate Change Literacy and Inoculate Against Misinformation Lawrence Brannon, Lisa Gold, Johnny Magee & Geoff Walton Journalism Practice
2021-11-02 Business as Usual: How Journalism’s Professional Logics Continue to Shape News Organization Policies Around Social Media Audiences Kelly Fincham Journalism Practice
2021-11-02 Fighting an Armed Doctrine: The Struggle to Modernize German Propaganda During World War I (1914–1918) Elisabeth Fondren
Journalism & Communication Monographs
2021-11-02 War Propaganda and the Patriotic Model of the News in the 21st Century Sarah Oates
Journalism & Communication Monographs
2021-11-02 Propaganda and Myth: The Case of France Ross F. Collins
Journalism & Communication Monographs
2021-11-03 Audience research is far from new, so don’t overlook the old goldmines Dane S. Claussen
Newspaper Research Journal
2021-11-03 The Normativity of Communication Research: A Content Analysis of Normative Claims in Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles (1970–2014) Stephanie Geise, Ulrike Klinger, Melanie Magin, Kathrin Friederike Müller, Cordula Nitsch, Claudia Riesmeyer, Liane Rothenberger, Christina Schumann, Annika Sehl, Cornelia Wallner & Arne Freya Zillich Mass Communication and Society
2021-11-04 Making Sense of Pandemic-Induced Changes in Journalism and Beyond Eun-Ju Lee Digital Journalism
2021-11-04 Canaries in the climate coal mine: Climate change and COVID-19 as meta-crisis Laura Robinson First Monday
2021-11-04 Electoral news sharing: a study of changes in news coverage and Facebook sharing behaviour during the 2018 Mexican elections Ernesto de León, Susan Vermeer & Damian Trilling Information, Communication & Society
2021-11-05 A data-driven approach to studying changing vocabularies in historical newspaper collections Simon Hengchen, Ruben Ros, Jani Marjanen, Mikko Tolonen Digital Scholarship in the Humanities
2021-11-05 “We always report under pressure”: Professionalism and journalistic identity among regional journalists in a conflict zone Sayyed Fawad Ali Shah, Tamar Ginossar, Muhammad Ittefaq
Journalism
2021-11-05 The Impact of Political Identity and Outgroup Partisan Media Contact on Intergroup Bias and Unwillingness to Compromise with the Opposing Party: An Intergroup Threat Approach Mei-Chen Lin &Paul M. Haridakis Mass Communication and Society
2021-11-07 Beyond the state as the ‘cold monster’: the importance of Russian alternative media in reconfiguring the hegemonic state discourse Kirill Filimonov & Nico Carpentier Critical Discourse Studies
2021-11-07 (Anti-)feminism and cisgenderism in sports media Gabriel Knott-Fayle, Elizabeth Peel & Gemma Witcomb Feminist Media Studies
2021-11-07 A Different Kind of Transgender Celebrity: From Entertainment Narrative to the “Wrong Body” Discourse in Japanese Media Culture Michelle H. S. Ho
Television & New Media
2021-11-08 Gatekeeping, Gatewatching and the Art of Crowdsourcing in African Media Systems: A Case of Zambian Newsrooms Gregory Gondwe Communicatio
2021-11-08 Convergence of linear television and digital platforms: An analysis of YouTube offer and consumption Ana González-Neira, Jorge Vázquez-Herrero, Natalia Quintas-Froufe
European Journal of Communication
2021-11-08 Anti-Media Discourse and Violence Against Journalists: Evidence From Chávez’s Venezuela Kyong Mazzaro
The International Journal of Press/Politics
2021-11-08 A 20-year stocktake of Aotearoa New Zealand’s performance in the Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP): Feminisation of the newsroom but still not gender parity Susan Fountaine, Cathy Strong, Flora Galy-Badenas & Leon Salter Communication Research and Practice
2021-11-09 Promises Granted: Venture Philanthropy and Tech Ideology in Metajournalistic Discourse Brian Creech & Perry Parks Journalism Studies
2021-11-09 Media and Science Policy: Who Influences Whom Regarding Complementary and Alternative Medicines Regulation Lorena Cano-Orón, Emilia H. Lopera-Pareja
The International Journal of Press/Politics
2021-11-09 Deciding what’s (sharable) news: Social movement organizations as curating actors in the political information system Thomas J Billard Communication Monographs
2021-11-09 How African countries respond to fake news and hate speech Lisa Garbe, Lisa-Marie Selvik & Pauline Lemaire Information, Communication & Society
2021-11-09 Resisting Privilege: Effects of a White Privilege Message Intervention and Conservative Media Use on Freedom Threat and Racial Attitudes Matthew A. Lapierre & Jennifer Stevens Aubrey Mass Communication and Society
2021-11-10 The Discursive Constitution of Mafia Journalism as a Network Beat Sergio Splendore Journalism Practice
2021-11-10 “The American Outlaws Are Our People”: Fox Sports and the Branded Ambivalence of an American Soccer Fan at the 2019 FIFA Women’s World Cup Charlotte E. Howell
Television & New Media
2021-11-10 Affordances for Sense-Making: Exploring Their Availability for Users of Online News Sites Damon Kiesow, Shuhua Zhou & Lei Guo Digital Journalism
2021-11-10 Resource Exchanges Between Mobile News Apps and Third-Parties Aske Kammer Digital Journalism
2021-11-10 Alternative News Orientation and Trust in Mainstream Media: A Longitudinal Audience Perspective Kim Andersen, Adam Shehata & Dennis Andersson Digital Journalism
2021-11-10 Print Imprint: The Connection Between the Physical Newspaper and the Self Nick Mathews
Journal of Communication Inquiry
2021-11-11 Exposure to television and support for restrictive immigration policies in the midst of the immigration crisis: A cross-national comparison Nella Geurts, Roos Geurts, Peer Scheepers, Maurice Vergeer Social Science Quarterly
2021-11-11 Framing socio-political controversy: The 2012 Spanish labor reform as a case study of cascading activation Sergio Álvarez Sánchez, Alfredo Arceo Vacas
European Journal of Communication
2021-11-11 A theory of media freedom Damian Tambini Journal of Media Law
2021-11-11 Agenda Setting by News and by the Audience in a News Portal Panel Experiment Martina Santia, Raymond J. Pingree, Kirill Bryanov & Brian K. Watson Mass Communication and Society
2021-11-11 Reporting from My Home: Location Effect on the Para-Social Phenomenon and the News Broadcast Industry Kirstin Pellizzaro & Madeleine Liseblad Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media
2021-11-11 Hostile Media Perception on Twitter: The Effect of Mediated Social Identity Cues on Biased Perception Eric J. Cooks & Anneliese Bolland Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media
2021-11-12 The Coronavirus Pandemic as a Critical Moment for Digital Journalism Thorsten Quandt & Karin Wahl-Jorgensen Digital Journalism
2021-11-12 Deepfakes and documentary practice in an age of misinformation Craig Hight Continuum
2021-11-12 The Imagined Industry Elena Maris International Journal of Communication
2021-11-12 Elaboration, Cancer Worry, and Risk Perception Mediate the Association Between News Attention on the Internet and Intention to Uptake HPV Vaccination: Extending the Cognitive Mediation Model Li Li, John Robert Bautista International Journal of Communication
2021-11-12 From Invisibility to the Public Sphere: The Hybrid Media Strategy of a New Party (Podemos, Spain, 2014–2015) Víctor Sampedro, Rafael Durán, Francisco Seoane, Alessandra Farné International Journal of Communication
2021-11-13 Understanding digital disconnection beyond media studies Hallvard Moe, Ole Jacob Madsen
Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies
2021-11-13 When media events fail: the transformation of the Israeli peace discourse at the funeral of Shimon Peres Yuval Katz Critical Studies in Media Communication
2021-11-14 Assessing conditions for inter-firm collaboration as a revenue strategy for politically pressured news media Clare Elizabeth Cook Journal of Media Business Studies
2021-11-14 “She’s the communication expert”: digital labor and the implications of datafied relational communication Signe Sophus Lai Feminist Media Studies
2021-11-14 #MeToo movement in political media era: a comparison of U.S. media and Korean media Meehyun Jeon, Hyoung Oh Kim & Chang Wan Woo Communication Quarterly
2021-11-15 Constructing the “Gender Beat:” U.S. Journalists Refocus the News in the Aftermath of #Metoo Meg Heckman Journalism Practice
2021-11-15 Advancing digital disconnection research: Introduction to the special issue Stine Lomborg, Brita Ytre-Arne
Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies
2021-11-16 Who is to Blame? Analysis of Government and News Media Frames During the 2014 Earthquake in Chile Magdalena Saldaña
Journalism Studies
2021-11-16 The State of the News Beat: Expertise and Division of Labour in Current Newsrooms Zvi Reich, Oded Jackman, Tal Mishaly & Liri Blum Journalism Practice
2021-11-16 Oh, no, Pokémon GO! Media panic and fear of mobility in news coverage of an augmented reality phenomenon Tal Laor, Hananel Rosenberg, Nili Steinfeld
Mobile Media & Communication
2021-11-17 Resistance to ‘Framing’? The Portrayal of Asylum Seekers and Refugees in Hong Kong’s Online Media Isabella Ng, Sharice Fung-Yee Choi & Alex Lih-Shing Chan Journalism Practice
2021-11-18 One Recommender Fits All? An Exploration of User Satisfaction With Text-Based News Recommender Systems Mareike Wieland,
Gerret von Nordheim, Katharina Kleinen-von Königslöw
Media and Communication
2021-11-18 When Algorithms Recommend What’s New(s): New Dynamics of Decision-Making and Autonomy in Newsgathering Hannes Cools, Baldwin Van Gorp, Michaël Opgenhaffen Media and Communication
2021-11-18 Epistemic Overconfidence in Algorithmic News Selection Mariken van der Velden, Felicia Loecherbach Media and Communication
2021-11-18 Algorithmic or Human Source? Examining Relative Hostile Media Effect With a Transformer-Based Framework Chenyan Jia, Ruibo Liu Media and Communication
2021-11-18 Investigating Algorithmic Misconceptions in a Media Context: Source of a New Digital Divide? Brahim Zarouali, Natali Helberger, Claes H. de Vreese Media and Communication
2021-11-18 How Algorithmic Systems Changed Communication in a Digital Society Sanne Kruikemeier, Sophie C. Boerman, Nadine Bol Media and Communication
2021-11-18 The coverage of clashes between migrants and authorities at the U.S.–Mexico border: a comparative discourse analysis Jorge Freddy Bolanos Lopez & Linda Jean Kenix The Journal of International Communication
2021-11-18 The role of multi-platform news consumption in explaining civic participation during the COVID-19 pandemic: A communication mediation approach Cato Waeterloos, Michel Walrave, Koen Ponnet
New Media & Society
2021-11-18 Heroes of the Day After Tomorrow: “The Oil Worker” in Norwegian Climate Coverage 2017–2021 Andreas Ytterstad, Camilla Houeland & David Jordhus-Lier Journalism Practice
2021-11-18 News Sharing Using Self-destructive Content in Digital Native Media from an International Perspective José Sixto-García, Ana Isabel Rodríguez-Vázquez & Xosé López-García Journalism Practice
2021-11-19 From “Cool Observer” to “Emotional Participant”: The Practice of Immersive Journalism Nele Goutier, Yael de Haan, Kiki de Bruin, Sophie Lecheler & Sanne Kruikemeier Journalism Studies
2021-11-19 Hearts and Hahas of the Public: Exploring How Protest Frames and Sentiment Influence Emotional Emoji Engagement with Facebook News Posts Danielle K. Kilgo & Summer Harlow Journalism Studies
2021-11-19 “Tell the Story as You’d Tell It to Your Friends in a Pub”: Emotional Storytelling in Election Reporting by BuzzFeed News and Vice News James Dennis & Susana Sampaio-Dias Journalism Studies
2021-11-19 Critical Emotions: Cultural Criticism as an Intrinsically Emotional Type of Journalism Nete Nørgaard Kristensen Journalism Studies
2021-11-19 Journalistic Passion as Commodity: A Managerial Perspective Carl-Gustav Lindén, Katja Lehtisaari, Mikko Grönlund & Mikko Villi Journalism Studies
2021-11-19 Replacing the Public with Customers: How Emotions Define Today’s Broadcast Journalism Markets. A Comparative Study Between Television Journalists in the UK and India Antje Glück Journalism Studies
2021-11-19 The Aftertaste you Cannot Erase. Career Histories, Emotions and Emotional Management in Local Newsrooms Lenka Waschková Císařová Journalism Studies
2021-11-19 Journalism and Emotional Work Mervi Pantti & Karin Wahl-Jorgensen Journalism Studies
2021-11-19 Journalism as an Affective Institution. Emotional Labor and the Discourse on Fraud at Der Spiegel Margreth Lünenborg & Débora Medeiros Journalism Studies
2021-11-19 Journalism as an Affective Institution. Emotional Labor and the Discourse on Fraud at Der Spiegel Margreth Lünenborg & Débora Medeiros Journalism Studies
2021-11-19 Tired, Hungry, and on Deadline: Affect and Emotion in the Practice of Conflict Journalism Richard Stupart Journalism Studies
2021-11-20 State as Salesman: International Economic Engagement and Foreign News Coverage in China Hanzhang Liu & Chengyuan Ji Political Communication
2021-11-21 A content analysis of newspaper coverage of maternal mortality from 2010-2019 Amy Delaney & Gabi N. Singleton Communication Research Reports
2021-11-21 Ethnic news and its effects on presidential approval among Chinese Americans during the Covid-19 pandemic Jiehua Zhang The Journal of International Communication
2021-11-22 Online Strategies of the Largest Broadcasters in the Times of Uncertainty. The Case of Russia Elena Vartanova, Andrey Vyrkovsky & Daria Vyugina International Journal on Media Management
2021-11-22 Journalists’ Misjudgement of Audience Opinion David Nicolas Hopmann, Andreas R.T. Schuck
The International Journal of Press/Politics
2021-11-22 Media Consensus and Divergences in Norway During the Second Wave of Coronavirus Infections Birgitte Kjos Fonn & Nathalie Hyde-Clarke Journalism Practice
2021-11-22 News Stories About Fallen Journalists: The Institutional History of the Hero Myth in Journalistic Practice Raymond McCaffrey Journalism Practice
2021-11-22 Verification of Digital Sources in Swedish Newsrooms — A Technical Issue or a Question of Newsroom Culture? Malin Picha Edwardsson, Walid Al-Saqaf & Gunnar Nygren Journalism Practice
2021-11-22 More Than Numbers:An Intersectional Examination of Media Portrayals of Formerly Incarcerated Women Gladys and Jamie Scott Sherri Williams Feminist Media Studies
2021-11-23 Presenting the People’s Republic: what drives images of China in the press? Runping Zhu, Jinrui Wei, Richard Krever, Yu Huang
Media International Australia
2021-11-23 My pandemic news is better than yours: audience perceptions of early news coverage about Covid-19
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Mallory R. Perryman Communication Research Reports
2021-11-23 Journalists on Instagram: Presenting Professional Identity and Role on Image-focused Social Media Diana Bossio Journalism Practice
2021-11-23 Containing a Corona Misinfodemic and Covidiocy: Political Talk Shows on German Public-Service TV Jana Fedtke, Mohammed Ibahrine, Bouziane Zaid & Don Donghee Shin Journalism Practice
2021-11-23 The “Audience Logic” in Digital Journalism: An Exploration of Shifting News Logics Across Media Types and Time Sina Blassnig & Frank Esser Journalism Studies
2021-11-24 Youth Political Talk in the Changing Media Environment: A Cross-National Typology Neta Kligler-Vilenchik, Keren Tenenboim-Weinblatt, Pablo J. Boczkowski, Kaori Hayashi, Eugenia Mitchelstein, Mikko Villi
The International Journal of Press/Politics
2021-11-24 ‘The race for space’: capitalism, the country and the city in Britain under covid 19 Jilly Boyce Kay & Helen Wood Continuum
2021-11-24 Gendered power relations in the digital age: an analysis of Japanese women’s media choice and use within a global context Kaori Hayashi, Pablo J. Boczkowski, Neta Kligler-Vilenchik , Eugenia Mitchelstein, Keren Tenenboim-Weinblatt & Mikko Villi Feminist Media Studies
2021-11-24 ‘Sharing expertise with the public’: The production of communicability and the ethics of media dialogical networking Simon Smith Discourse, Context & Media
2021-11-24 A Sadness Bias in Political News Sharing? The Role of Discrete Emotions in the Engagement and Dissemination of Political News on Facebook Ernesto de León, Damian Trilling
Social Media + Society
2021-11-25 Solving Egypt’s Economic Crisis: The Strategic Role of Chinese, Russian, and Egyptian Media Narratives Marco Ehrl & Robert Hinck International Journal of Strategic Communication
2021-11-25 Indigenous-language Media Research in Africa: Gains, Losses, Towards a New Research Agenda Thulani Tshabangu & Abiodun Salawu African Journalism Studies
2021-11-27 Social media news deserts: Digital inequalities and incidental news exposure on social media platforms Matthew Barnidge, Michael A Xenos
New Media & Society
2021-11-27 Power Sharing and Media Freedom in Dictatorships Greg Chih-Hsin Sheen, Hans H. Tung & Wen-Chin Wu Political Communication
2021-11-28 Pioneers as Peers: How Entrepreneurial Journalists Imagine the Futures of Journalism Juho Ruotsalainen, Sirkka Heinonen, Jaana Hujanen & Mikko Villi Digital Journalism
2021-11-29 Fake News Cues: Examining the Impact of Content, Source, and Typology of News Cues on People’s Confidence in Identifying Mis- and Disinformation Amber Hinsley, Avery Holton International Journal of Communication
2021-11-29 Freedom of Speech and Press in Muslim-Majority Countries Shugofa Dastgeer, Daxton Stewart International Journal of Communication
2021-11-29 News Frames in the Context of a Substantial Increase in Migration: Differences Between Media Platforms and Immigrants’ Nationality Andrés Scherman, Nicolle Etchegaray International Journal of Communication
2021-11-29 Covering Technology Risks and Responsibility: Automation, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Algorithms in the Media Cornelia Brantner, Florian Saurwein International Journal of Communication
2021-11-29 Agenda-Cutting Versus Agenda-Building: Does Sponsored Content Influence Corporate News Coverage in U.S. Media? Christopher Joseph Vargo, Michelle A. Amazeen International Journal of Communication
2021-11-29 Media Campaign Strategies in Communicating HIV/AIDS in Zambia: Comparing Risk and Crisis Communication Strategies in Mitigating Behavior Change Among Sex Workers Gregory Gondwe, Eric Kwame Adae International Journal of Communication
2021-11-29 More than just collateral damage. Ramifications of the pandemic for freedom of the press Christina Holtz-Bacha Publizistik
2021-11-29 Are Journalists Reporting on the Highest-Impact Climate Solutions? Findings from a Survey of Environmental Journalists Amanda C. Borth, Eryn Campbell, Sammi Munson, Shaelyn M. Patzer, William A. Yagatich & Edward Maibach Journalism Practice
2021-11-29 Men’s and Women’s Basketball Coverage in the Spanish Digital Press During the 2016 Rio Olympics Juana Salido-Fernandez & Ana Maria Muñoz-Muñoz Journalism Practice
2021-11-29 Mobile News Learning — Investigating Political Knowledge Gains in a Social Media Newsfeed with Mobile Eye Tracking Jakob Ohme, Ewa H. Masłowska & Cornelia Mothes Political Communication
2021-11-30 The Representation of Syrian Refugees in Canadian Online Media: A Focus on the Topos of Burdening Manar Mustafa, Zahariah Pilus, Maskanah Mohammad Lotfie Canadian Journal of Communication
2021-11-30 Are You Frightened? Children’s Cognitive and Affective Reactions to News Coverage of School Shootings Gyo Hyun Koo Mass Communication and Society
2021-11-30 From Global Doom to Sustainable Solutions: International News Magazines’ Multimodal Framing of our Future with Climate Change Lars Guenther, Michael Brüggemann & Shorouk Elkobros Journalism Studies
2021-11-30 Journalism Education’s Response to the Challenges of Digital Transformation: A Dispositive Analysis of Journalism Training and Education Programs Susanne Kirchhoff Journalism Studies
2021-11-30 Invisible in This Visual World? Work and Working Conditions of Female Photographers in the Global South Saumava Mitra, Brenda L. Witherspoon & Sara Creta Journalism Studies
2021-11-30 Getting the Story Right: Reader Critiques of “The Last Days of Joe McCarthy” Julie B. Lane American Journalism
2021-11-30 Boundaries and Journalistic Authority in Newspaper Coverage of the Hutchins Report Patrick Walters American Journalism
2021-11-30 Breaking the White Circle: How the Press and Courts Quieted a Chicago Hate Group, 1949–1952 Erika J. Pribanic-Smith & Jared Schroeder American Journalism
2021-11-30 Amelia Bloomer, The Lily, and Early Feminist Discourse in the US Tracy Lucht American Journalism
2021-11-30 Regaining Control over Nature or Learning to Live in Harmony with It: Media Framing of Environmental Issues Amidst the Coronavirus Pandemic Olena Morozova, Olena Pankevych Communication Today

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Journalism

Mastering the Art of Public Speaking: Overcoming Fear and Becoming a Confident Speaker

Alice Trout

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Public speaking is a valuable skill that can open doors to personal and professional success. However, for many, the thought of speaking in front of an audience can be anxiety-inducing. The good news is that with practice and the right techniques, anyone can become a confident and effective public speaker. In this guide, we will explore how to overcome the fear of public speaking and develop the skills needed to master this art.

Understanding the Fear of Public Speaking

Public speaking anxiety, often called glossophobia, is a common fear. It can manifest as nervousness, rapid heartbeat, sweating, or even full-blown panic attacks. Understanding the root causes of this fear is the first step toward overcoming it:

1. Fear of Judgment: Many people worry about how they will be perceived by their audience, fearing judgment or criticism.

2. Lack of Confidence: A lack of confidence in one’s speaking abilities can contribute to anxiety.

3. Perfectionism: Setting unrealistically high standards for oneself can lead to performance anxiety.

4. Past Negative Experiences: A negative past speaking experience can create a fear of repeating that failure.

5. Uncertainty: Not knowing the audience or feeling unprepared can intensify anxiety.

Developing Confidence in Public Speaking

1. Prepare Thoroughly

The more you know your topic, the more confident you’ll feel. Research your subject thoroughly, organize your thoughts, and create a well-structured outline or presentation.

2. Practice, Practice, Practice

Practice your speech multiple times. Rehearse in front of a mirror, record yourself, or present to a trusted friend or family member for feedback.

3. Visualize Success

Mental rehearsal can be a powerful tool. Visualize yourself confidently delivering your speech, receiving positive feedback, and feeling a sense of accomplishment.

4. Control Your Breathing

Deep, slow breaths can calm your nerves. Practice deep breathing exercises before and during your speech to help manage anxiety.

5. Start Small

Build your confidence gradually by speaking in front of smaller, more supportive groups before tackling larger audiences.

6. Focus on Your Message, Not Yourself

Shift your focus from self-doubt to your message and the value you are providing to your audience. Concentrate on how your message can benefit them.

7. Engage with Your Audience

Interact with your audience by making eye contact, asking questions, and encouraging participation. This creates a more engaging and less intimidating atmosphere.

8. Use Visual Aids Wisely

Visual aids, such as slides or props, can enhance your presentation. However, use them sparingly and ensure they complement your message rather than distract from it.

9. Embrace Imperfections

Accept that nobody is perfect, and even experienced speakers make mistakes. Embrace any slip-ups with humor or grace, and keep going.

10. Seek Professional Training

Consider enrolling in a public speaking course or working with a speaking coach to improve your skills and confidence.

Managing Nervousness

Even with preparation and practice, nervousness before speaking is natural. Here are some strategies to manage it:

1. Arrive Early: Arriving early allows you to familiarize yourself with the venue and test any equipment.

2. Use Relaxation Techniques: Deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, or meditation can help calm your nerves.

3. Stay Hydrated: Drink water to prevent a dry mouth, which is a common physical manifestation of anxiety.

4. Avoid Caffeine: Limit caffeine intake on the day of your speech, as it can exacerbate nervousness.

5. Focus on Your Message: Keep your attention on the content and value of your speech, rather than your anxiety.

6. Use Positive Self-Talk: Replace negative thoughts with positive affirmations to boost your confidence.

Continued Improvement

Becoming a confident public speaker is an ongoing process. Here are some tips for continued improvement:

1. Record Your Speeches: Recording your speeches allows you to review your performance and identify areas for improvement.

2. Seek Feedback: Encourage constructive feedback from peers or mentors to refine your speaking skills.

3. Set Speaking Goals: Continuously challenge yourself by setting goals for speaking engagements or skill development.

4. Join a Toastmasters Club: Toastmasters International is a renowned organization that helps individuals improve their public speaking skills through practice and feedback.

In Conclusion

Public speaking is a skill that can be mastered with time and effort. By understanding the root causes of your fear, preparing thoroughly, practicing regularly, and implementing confidence-boosting techniques, you can become a confident and effective public speaker. Remember that it’s normal to feel nervous, but with the right strategies and mindset, you can turn that nervous energy into a powerful tool for engaging and inspiring your audience.

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Journalism

The Power of Affirmations: Using Positive Affirmations to Boost Self-Esteem

Alice Trout

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Introduction

Self-esteem plays a vital role in our overall well-being and success in life. It influences how we perceive ourselves, how we handle challenges, and the quality of our relationships. Low self-esteem can lead to self-doubt, anxiety, and missed opportunities, while high self-esteem can empower us to pursue our dreams with confidence. One effective tool for improving self-esteem is the use of positive affirmations. In this article, we will explore the power of affirmations and how they can be employed to boost self-esteem.

Understanding Self-Esteem

Before delving into the world of affirmations, it’s essential to understand what self-esteem is. Self-esteem is the subjective evaluation of one’s worth, which can either be positive (high self-esteem) or negative (low self-esteem). High self-esteem is associated with self-confidence, resilience, and a positive outlook on life. On the other hand, low self-esteem can lead to self-criticism, fear of failure, and a lack of self-belief.

What Are Affirmations?

Affirmations are positive statements that are consciously repeated to instill specific beliefs or thoughts into the mind. They are designed to challenge and overcome negative self-talk and replace it with more constructive, empowering beliefs. Affirmations can be used for various purposes, but in the context of self-esteem, they are tailored to boost self-worth and confidence.

The Science Behind Affirmations

The effectiveness of affirmations is rooted in psychological principles. When we repeat positive affirmations, we engage in a process known as self-affirmation theory. This theory suggests that individuals are motivated to protect their self-concept and self-integrity. Affirmations allow us to reinforce positive aspects of our identity, making it easier to dismiss negative thoughts and self-doubt.

Research also shows that affirmations can have a significant impact on our brain. Repeating affirmations can lead to increased activity in areas of the brain associated with self-processing and self-worth. This means that affirmations can literally change the way we think about ourselves.

How to Create Effective Affirmations

Not all affirmations are equally effective. To harness the power of affirmations for boosting self-esteem, consider the following tips when creating your own:

  1. Be Positive and Present: Affirmations should be stated in the present tense and be positive. For example, say, “I am confident and capable,” rather than, “I will be confident and capable.”
  2. Make Them Specific: Address the specific areas of self-esteem that you want to improve. If you struggle with self-worth, use affirmations like, “I am worthy of love and respect.”
  3. Use the First Person: Phrase affirmations in the first person to personalize them. Say, “I am” or “I have” instead of “You are” or “You have.”
  4. Keep Them Realistic: While affirmations are meant to be positive, they should also be grounded in reality. Avoid affirmations that are too far from your current beliefs, as they may feel disingenuous.
  5. Repeat Regularly: Consistency is key. Repeating affirmations daily, preferably in the morning and evening, can reinforce the positive beliefs you’re trying to instill.

Incorporating Affirmations into Your Daily Routine

Now that you know how to create effective affirmations, it’s crucial to incorporate them into your daily routine. Here are some strategies for doing so:

  1. Morning Ritual: Start your day with a set of affirmations that boost your self-esteem. This can set a positive tone for the day ahead.
  2. Visual Aids: Write down your affirmations on sticky notes or create a vision board with images and phrases that represent your goals and positive self-beliefs.
  3. Mobile Apps: There are several mobile apps designed to help you practice affirmations daily. These apps can send reminders and track your progress.
  4. Journaling: Incorporate affirmations into your journaling practice. Reflect on your affirmations and your progress regularly.

The Transformational Impact of Affirmations

As you integrate affirmations into your daily life, you’ll likely start noticing positive changes in your self-esteem. Over time, you may experience:

  • Increased Confidence: Affirmations can bolster your self-confidence, helping you tackle challenges and take risks.
  • Reduced Self-Doubt: Negative self-talk can be replaced with affirmations, reducing self-doubt and anxiety.
  • Improved Relationships: Higher self-esteem often leads to healthier relationships, as you value and respect yourself more, which encourages others to do the same.
  • Enhanced Resilience: With a stronger sense of self-worth, you’ll become more resilient in the face of adversity.

Conclusion

The power of affirmations in boosting self-esteem is well-documented and accessible to anyone willing to embrace this practice. By understanding the psychology behind affirmations, crafting effective statements, and incorporating them into your daily routine, you can embark on a transformative journey towards higher self-esteem. With consistent effort and a positive mindset, you can rewrite the script of your self-concept and realize your full potential. Remember, you are worthy of love, success, and all the positive experiences life has to offer.

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Journalism

Crafting Your Personal Mission Statement: Defining Your Life’s Purpose and Goals

Alice Trout

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A personal mission statement is a powerful tool for clarifying your life’s purpose, values, and long-term goals. It serves as a guiding compass that helps you make decisions, set priorities, and stay focused on what truly matters to you. In this guide, we will explore the importance of creating a personal mission statement and provide practical steps to craft one that reflects your aspirations and values.

Why Create a Personal Mission Statement?

A personal mission statement is like a roadmap for your life. Here’s why it’s worth investing time and effort into crafting one:

1. Clarity and Focus

A mission statement helps you define your purpose and what you want to achieve in life. It provides clarity and direction, allowing you to make decisions that align with your values and goals.

2. Goal Setting

It serves as a foundation for setting meaningful, achievable goals. Your mission statement can guide you in setting both short-term and long-term objectives that are in line with your life’s purpose.

3. Motivation

A well-crafted mission statement can serve as a source of motivation and inspiration during challenging times. It reminds you of your core values and why you’re pursuing your goals.

4. Alignment with Values

It helps you live a life that is in alignment with your values. Your mission statement acts as a filter, helping you prioritize activities, relationships, and opportunities that resonate with your beliefs.

5. Resilience

In times of adversity, your personal mission statement can provide resilience and determination. It reminds you of the bigger picture and encourages perseverance.

Steps to Craft Your Personal Mission Statement

Creating a personal mission statement is a reflective process that requires introspection and thoughtful consideration. Follow these steps to craft your own:

1. Self-Reflection

Take time to reflect on your life, values, and beliefs. Consider the following questions:

  • What are my core values?
  • What activities bring me the most joy and fulfillment?
  • What do I want to achieve in my lifetime?
  • What impact do I want to have on the world or my community?
  • What legacy do I want to leave behind?

2. Define Your Purpose

Based on your reflections, write a concise statement that defines your life’s purpose. This should be a single sentence that captures the essence of what you want to achieve or contribute to the world.

3. Identify Your Values

List your core values. These are the principles and beliefs that guide your decisions and actions. Examples of values include integrity, compassion, creativity, and perseverance.

4. Set Goals

Identify specific, measurable goals that align with your purpose and values. These goals should reflect both short-term and long-term aspirations. Consider goals related to your career, personal development, relationships, and contributions to society.

5. Draft Your Mission Statement

Now, combine your purpose, values, and goals into a concise mission statement. Your mission statement should be clear, inspiring, and true to who you are. Here’s a basic structure to follow:

“I am [your name], and my mission is to [your purpose], guided by my core values of [list your values]. I will achieve this by [briefly describe how you will work toward your goals]. My mission is to [desired impact or legacy].”

6. Refine and Revise

Crafting a mission statement is an iterative process. Write a draft, reflect on it, and revise as needed. Seek feedback from trusted friends or mentors who know you well to ensure your statement accurately reflects your aspirations.

7. Live Your Mission

Once you have a final mission statement, use it as a daily guide. Make choices and set priorities that align with your mission. Periodically revisit your statement to ensure it remains relevant as your life evolves.

Examples of Personal Mission Statements

Here are a few examples of personal mission statements for inspiration:

  • “I am [your name], and my mission is to inspire others through creativity and innovation, guided by my core values of integrity, collaboration, and perseverance. I will achieve this by continuously learning, sharing my knowledge, and creating meaningful art that impacts people’s lives positively. My mission is to leave a legacy of creativity that sparks inspiration in others.”
  • “I am [your name], and my mission is to promote health and well-being in my community, guided by my core values of compassion, empathy, and service. I will achieve this by pursuing a career in healthcare, volunteering at local organizations, and educating others about healthy living. My mission is to make a positive impact on the health and happiness of those around me.”
  • “I am [your name], and my mission is to foster a world where every child has access to quality education, guided by my core values of equality, education, and empowerment. I will achieve this by working in the field of education, volunteering with organizations that support children’s education, and advocating for policy changes that improve access to education. My mission is to leave a legacy of knowledge and empowerment.”

In Conclusion

Crafting a personal mission statement is a transformative process that can bring clarity, purpose, and fulfillment to your life. It serves as a roadmap for your journey, guiding your decisions and actions in alignment with your values and goals. Take the time to reflect on what truly matters to you, define your purpose, and create a mission statement that inspires you to live a meaningful and purpose-driven life.

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